{急}用英语描述中国历史或中国
Despite political and social upheavals that frequently ravaged the country, China is unique for its longevity and resilience as a politico-cultural entity. Most of China's cultural progress has been accomplished with relatively little outside influence; even when the country was ruled by such "barbarian" peoples as the Chin or Mongols, these were soon absorbed into the fabric of Chinese culture. The casting of bronze and the development of an alphabet date from the period of the Shang dynasty - China's first, believed to have dominated north China from the mid-16th to mid-11th century BC. The overthrow of the Shang dynasty by the Chou (1111-255 BC) spanned three generations; although the vibrant Chou culture produced some of history's greatest philosophers and artists, among them Confucius and Lao-zi, the final two centuries of the dynasty saw China engulfed by a series of civil wars known as the "Warring States" period (403-221 BC).
The fighting came to an end when Qin Shi Huang managed to conquer all of his rivals and establish the Ch'in Dynasty (221-206 BC). He became the first Chinese Emperor, and was the first man to unite all of China under a single ruler, but the Ch'in Dynasty was unable to outlive his death. The subsequent Han dynasty was founded by Liu Pang, who also assumed the title of emperor in 202 BC. The four centuries of the Han were ones of considerable changes in imperial, political, cultural, and social development. The Han undertook massive engineering projects (including the Great Wall), and established a Chinese identity that would survive until the advent of Communism. The Cho-ko-nu, a type of repeating crossbow, was developed during the Han period and remained in use by the Chinese for almost two thousand years.
By the end of the 2nd century AD the Han Empire had virtually ceased to exist, and was followed by a lengthy period of rival kingdoms that did not end until 618 AD, when the T'ang dynasty came to power. The T'ang were followed by the Sung Dynasty (960-1279 AD), which collapsed in the face of the Mongol invasions. By securing the allegiance of the Hsi Hsia in Tibet (1209), Genghis Khan disposed of a potential enemy and prepared the ground for an invasion of China. For several years Mongol armies pillaged the country; finally, in 1214 Genghis overwhelmed the capital of the northern Chin (modern Beijing). During the next decades there was an uneasy truce between the Mongols in the north and the Sung state in the south. The Mongols resumed their advance in 1250 under Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis.
From 1267 onward, the Mongols, this time assisted by the armored horsemen and auxiliary troops of north China, attacked on several fronts. When organized resistance ceased soon afterward, foreign invaders controlled the whole of China for the only time in history. The Mongols occupied China for a century, but ineptitude on the throne, factionalism at court, and rivalries among generals weakened their rule. Out of this turmoil emerged a new native dynasty, the Ming (1368-1644), known for patronage of the arts. Before turning inward and reverting to an isolationist policy in 1424, the Ming period saw extensive trade with India and Arabia, and Ming navigators may have reached the Americas before Columbus. The Ming were followed by the Manchus (1644-1911), the last imperial dynasty of China, marked by continuous warfare, Western imperialism, rampant corruption, and bureaucratic ineptitude.
In the wake of the disastrous Boxer Rebellion, the imperial court could no longer maintain support among the peasantry and army; revolution (1911-1912) followed. The first half of the 20th century saw the disintegration of the old order in China and the foundations of a new society, begun by the short-lived democratic Republic (1912-1920), which quickly degenerated into the dictatorship of Chiang Kai-shek. A new revolution, led by the Nationalist Party (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), erupted. Although they had been united against the Japanese invasion, by the end of World War II civil war raged in China. Nationalists and Communists raced to take over Japanese-held territories, built up their forces, and fought limited engagements while still conducting negotiations; during 1947-1948, after initial Nationalist victories, the strategic balance shifted in favor of the Communists. Four years after Japan's surrender, a profound and popularly based revolution had swept China, and, in October 1949 Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China. In 1966, the Communists at the instigation of Mao launched the disastrous "Cultural Revolution," a ten-year assault on "traditional values" and "bourgeois thinking" which ultimately left the country in disarray. After Mao's death in 1976, his rival Deng Xiaopeng assumed power and began social and economic reforms that would see China return to world prominence. China today is one of the world's rising powers, but exactly what course its leaders will chart next remains uncertain.
参考资料：http://www.2kgames.com/civ4/home.htm
用英语介绍中国历史80个单词
This evening, the Beijing Olympic Games will be opened, we look forward to the common will of this historic moment has arrived. I, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, ladies and gentlemen here Beijing Olympic Games, he expressed a warm welcome! Bid to host the Olympic Games in Beijing and in the process of organizing the Chinese Government and people by the Governments and people's sincere help, by the International Olympic Committee and international Olympic family's support. Here, I commend you and through you to all for the Beijing Olympic Games to contribute to the people, expressed sincere thanks!
用英文写一段介绍中国国旗的介绍
The flag of the People's Republic of China is a red field charged in the canton (upper left corner) with five golden stars. The design features one large star, with four smaller stars in a semicircle set off towards the fly (right side). The red represents revolution; the five stars and their relationship represent the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Sometimes, the flag is referred to as the "Five Star Red Flag"
用一段英语对话向外国人介绍中国文化，please help me !!
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees. The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one. Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year. Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened. Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing. Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils. Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure. Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely.Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival. People thought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break little balloons to get the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room. The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished. China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.
用英文介绍一下中国馆
中国国家馆 China Pavilion 2010年上海世博会中国国家馆，以城市发展中的中华智慧为主题，表现出了“东方之冠，鼎盛中华，天下粮仓，富庶百姓”的中国文化精神与气质。 2010 Shanghai World Expo China Pavilion, to the Chinese wisdom in urban development for the theme, the "Oriental Crown, prosperous China, signals the rich people" of Chinese culture and temperament. 展馆的展示以“寻觅”为主线，带领参观者行走在“东方足迹”、“寻觅之旅”、“ 低碳行动 ”三个展区，在“寻觅”中发现并感悟城市发展中的中华智慧。 Hall's show to "find" the main line, to lead visitors to walk in the "East footprint," "looking for Tour", " low-carbon operation , "the three zones, in the" search "in the discovery and perception of Chinese wisdom in urban development . 展馆从当代切入，回顾中国三十多年来城市化的进程，凸显三十多年来中国城市化的规模和成就，回溯、探寻中国城市的底蕴和传统。 Cut from the contemporary pavilion, recalling 30 years of China's urbanization process, highlighting the 30 years the scale of urbanization in China and achievements, go back and explore the city's heritage and traditions of China. 随后，一条绵延的“智慧之旅”引导参观者走向未来，感悟立足于中华价值观和发展观的未来城市发展之路。 Subsequently, a stretch of "intelligence" tour guide visitors into the future, perception based on the concept of development of Chinese values and the future of the city development.
简单用英语介绍一下中国年
The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.People usually decorate the doors and windows with red papercuts.becouse red means good luck.People usually clean house too.becouse they want to sweep away bad luck.Children can get some new clothes or presents from their parents and grandparents.On New Year's Eve,family always have a big dinner.Everybody are watch TV and talk.In the midnight,there usually fairworks.On New Year's Day,people usually put on their new clothes and visit their femily and friends.They usually say:"Happy New Year's Day." The Spring Festival finishes at the Lantern Festival after two weeks.People usually eat a kind of rice dumpling called yuanxiao.It can take people good luck all the year round.
介绍中国的英语作文
As is well known to us all,China is one of four ancient and civilizational countries in the world.In fact ,It has a more long history than we have ever known.Because of this,many ancient architectures and all sorts of historical books are often found in different places in china .In china ,It's easier for you to find a person than you can in any countries.that is,China has the largest number of population on the Earth,which,however,also puts great burden on our country.
There are fifty-six peoples in our country.We get along well with each other and often disasters can draw us more together.besides,chinese food is very famous for its good tast and nutrition.many people in other countries are fond of it and try their best to cook it.Every year,plenty of foreigners from different countries come china to have a sightseeing.here you can look around lots of places of interest.
I really hope our country will become more and more flourishing and pople will live a happier and happier life.I'm a chinese man and I am proud of being born in china.
众所周知,中国是世界上四大文明古国之一.事实上,它的历史远比我们所知道的要长久.因为它的长久性,在中国很多地方你可以发现古代建筑和历史书籍.在中国你找一个人要比你在其他任何国家找人都容易,也就是说,中国是世界上人口最多的国家.可是这个状况也给咱们国家带来了很大的负担.
我们国家有56个民族.我们彼此和睦,灾难常常让我们更加团结.除此以外,中国菜因为它的美味和营养而著名.世界上很多人都喜欢中国菜,并且尽力学着做它.每年,大批来自世界各地的外国人来中国旅游.到这你能欣赏到很多风景名胜.
我真的希望我们国家会变得越来越繁荣,人民过上越来越幸福的生活.我是一个中国人,我以出生在中国而感到骄傲.
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介绍中国情况的英语作文
China is a very big country with five thousand years history , 中国是一个有五千年历史的大国 It stands in Asia and lies on the west coast of the ocean. 地处亚洲,位于大洋西岸 China covers 9,600,000square kilometers. 面积达960万平方公里 People of about 1.3billion live and work together on the land.13亿人在这块土地上一起生活和工作 56 nations make up the whole population of China. 全国有56个民族 China is becoming stronger and stronger.中国正变得越来越强大 Especially in these years , 尤其是这些年 虽然汉语还不能成为一个真正的国际语言, we can say ,但我们可以说 world can not be without China. 世界不能缺少中国
Everybody knows that China is a very big country in the world .It has a long history .there are many interesting places here.such as the Great wall .the Summer palace and so on.so every year lots of people will come here to visit .and it held olinpic in 2008. and it will become more and more beautiful. 每个人都知道中国在世界上是一个非常大的国家。它有很长的历史。还有许多有趣的地方。比如长城,故宫等等 。所以每年都有很多人来这里参观。并且它在2008年举行了奥林匹克运动会。它将变得越来越美丽。
